An Early Detection Pap Smear For Lung Cancer
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Early Detection of Lung Cancer Can Save Lives With Cytology Pap Smears for Lung CancerPublish Date: 02/12/2010
Lung cancer is a major burden in the United States and worldwide. each year over a million people are diagnosed with lung cancer worldwide, and more than half the patients die from it. Cancer ranks the second most common cause of deaths following cardiovascular disease. With significant improvement in treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer has or will soon become the number one killer in many part of the world. as elderly people are most susceptible to cancer and population aging continues in many countries, cancer will remain major health problems around the globe.
According the the American Cancer Society, for or males and females combined the most common cancer site is lung, 965,446 males and 386,875 females per year are diagnosed with lung cancer. There are several types of lung cancer. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, due to cigarette smoking is the most prevalence.
Of these new cases 46 % are from Asia, 26% from Europe, 15% from North America, 7 % Latin American, and 6 per cent are In the United States Only 16 percent of lung cancer patients are diagnosed before their disease has spread to other parts of their bodies, e.g, regional lymph nodes and beyond, compared to more than 50% of breast cancer patients and 90% prostate patients are diagnosed early.
Even though the five year prognosis for early stage lung cancer due to cirgarette smoking is over 90%, roughly 84 per cent of people diagnosed with lung cancer die within five years of their diagnosis, compared to 11 per cent of breast cancer and less than 1 percent of prostate cancer patients. This is because the physicians don’t routinely request a lung smear evaluation and the high risk cigarette smoking patients are not educated to request this test.
Unfortunately smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer. Approximately 87 per cent of the lung cancer occur in people who are currently smoking or have previously smoked. Squamous cell carcinoma is the type of cancer due to cigarette smoking. This type of cancer exfoliates readily into sputum specimens and is easily diagnosed early at a Stage One, CURABLE rate on cytological evaluation. This type of cancer have also been associated with the papilloma virus.
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People with AIDS have increase lung cancer risk, not all due to smoking. Lung cancer is the third most common cancer seen in HIV Positive individuals. Previous studies have suggested that it occurs two to seven times more frequently amongst people with HIV than the general population.
it tends to be diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a very poor prognosis at that stage. People that smoke must learn to request a Pap Test of the Lungs from their physician. This test Named after Dr. George Papanicoloau,is a general diagnostic cancer test for all types of cellular specimens from all area of your body. it is not just specific for diagnosing early cancer of the cervix.
The word “Pap” refers to the type of specialized stains done in the smear processing techniques that enhances the DNA and cytoplasmic features of a cell to microscopically diagnose and differentiate cancerous cells from normal cells on a glass slide. Routine screening of lung cancer have long been a concern of the the cytology laboratories. Cytology renders the ability to readily diagnose these cancers on cytology smear with a early morning expectorate being the test most likely to give an accurate diagnosis.
the recent development of bio-markers specific type of lung cancer gives the diagnostic community the mechanism to make precise cancer diagnosis. One of the main barrier is a convenience processing and smear preparation method that would make routine screening a cost effective and life saving method. however, this does notprevent you from requesting a PAP TEST for your lungs if you are a cigarette smoker.
References. 1. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures. Atlanta: American Cancer Society:20092. Satcher. D.T.G. Women and Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General 3. Elevated Risk of Cancer of People With Aids. National Institute of Health (1978-1998)